MySQL構築
- CentOS 5.4
導入と確認
[root@yunspire ~]# yum -y install mysql-server ... [root@yunspire ~]# rpm -qa |grep mysql mysql-server-5.0.77-4.el5_4.2 mysql-5.0.77-4.el5_4.2
起動
[root@yunspire ~]# service mysqld start
MySQL データベースを初期化中: Installing MySQL system tables...
100416 11:30:44 [Warning] option 'max_join_size': unsigned value 18446744073709551615 adjusted to 4294967295
100416 11:30:45 [Warning] option 'max_join_size': unsigned value 18446744073709551615 adjusted to 4294967295
OK
Filling help tables...
100416 11:30:45 [Warning] option 'max_join_size': unsigned value 18446744073709551615 adjusted to 4294967295
100416 11:30:45 [Warning] option 'max_join_size': unsigned value 18446744073709551615 adjusted to 4294967295
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h yunspire.local.com password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
[ OK ]
MySQL を起動中: [ OK ]
[root@yunspire ~]#
日本語環境の設定
ポイントは以下
１．デフォルト文字コードを設定
default-character-set
２．サーバ・クライアントで統一された文字コード設定を使用
skip-character-set-client-handshake
※skip-character-set-client-handshake使用可能バージョン
・MySQL4の場合→4.1.15以降
・MySQL5の場合→5.0.13以降
設定ファイル修正
[root@yunspire ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock user=mysql # Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x # clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package). old_passwords=1 default-character-set = utf8 skip-character-set-client-handshake # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks; # to do so, uncomment this line: # symbolic-links=0 [mysql] default-character-set = utf8 [mysqldump] default-character-set = utf8 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
/etc/my.cnfが無い場合
・サンプルをコピーして、再起動。
（上記設定ファイルをコピーしても可）
[root@yunspire ~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf [root@yunspire ~]# service mysqld restart
初期設定
[root@yunspire ~]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): ＃ そのままEnter（導入直後はMySQLのrootパスワードは設定されていない）
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y ＃ そのままEnterか「Y」Enter
New password: ＃MySQLのrootパスワード入力
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y ＃ 匿名ユーザの削除
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y ＃リモートからrootログイン無効
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y ＃testデータベース削除
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y ＃権限の更新
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
確認
・rootでログイン
[root@yunspire ~]# mysql -u root -p
・文字コード確認
mysql> STATUS; -------------- mysql Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.77, for redhat-linux-gnu (i686) using readline 5.1 Connection id: 2 #Current database: Current user: root@localhost SSL: Not in use Current pager: stdout Using outfile: '' Using delimiter: ; Server version: 5.0.77 Source distribution Protocol version: 10 Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket Server characterset: utf8 Db characterset: utf8 Client characterset: utf8 Conn. characterset: utf8 UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock Uptime: 6 sec Threads: 1 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 12 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 6 Queries per second avg: 0.833 -------------- mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'char%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
